The phenomenon of “Alternative for Germany” (AfD) lies in its rapid transformation from a party of Eurosceptic intellectuals into a radical populist force that exploited Germany’s identity crisis, migration, and economic problems to boost its ratings. It became the first right-wing radical party in post-war German history to not only…

The Italian mafia has long ceased to be an ordinary paramilitary structure that profits from racketeering, banditry, and territorial control. Having abandoned the high-profile terrorist attacks and street violence that drew excessive law enforcement attention in the 1990s, mafia clans adopted a strategy of invisible infiltration into the legal sectors…

The history of US and EU sanctions against Belarus has traveled a long road — from targeted, situational restrictions over human rights violations to a full-scale economic and political blockade. The Belarusian regime faced its harshest sanctions over the systematic falsification of presidential elections. The forced landing of a Ryanair…

France has been grappling for several decades with a phenomenon that has gradually evolved from an urban planning problem into one of the country’s key political challenges. This concerns the formation of suburban enclaves — the so-called banlieues — where social marginalisation, high unemployment, and ethnocultural segregation are concentrated. These…